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Arts & Humanities > Ancient History The decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire

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By the third century A.D. the Roman Empire was simultaneously beset by barbarian invasions, civil war and disorder. Emperors had to fight to gain their throne and had to keep fighting to preserve it. The "Pax Romana" was crumbling. The barbarians were both within and without the walls. While still territorially intact, the Empire was decaying. The army comprised mainly of barbarian mercenaries, not Roman citizens. Trade and agriculture were declining under the heavy burdens of civil war and taxation. During the next century the Empire was divided into East and West halves. The Western Empi...

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