1 of 18

Write now Article Tools

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a disorder of the esophagus in which the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) functions improperly, allowing acidic stomach contents to flow back into the esophagus.

Some people are genetically predisposed to have a GERD, and GERD may be diagnosed in patients of all ages. Other times GERD can be attributed to obesity, eating habits, alcohol and tobacco use, or underlying medical problems. Some medications (blood pressure medications, NSAIDs, asthma medications, sedatives, antibiotics) can worsen GERD symptoms.

The most recognizable symptom of GERD is frequent heartburn (pain or burning in the chest or throat) two or more times a week. It is important to note that some GERD patients do not report feeling "heartburn" at all (silent GERD). Any of the following symptoms experienced on a regular basis merit a trip to the doctor:

* Burping up or regurgitating small amounts of stomach contents
* Feeling of a "lump in the throat" (globus)
* Soar throat or cough, or asthma
* Burning sensation in the throat or chest (heartburn)
* Difficult or painful swallowing
* Nausea
* Bad breath
* Sinus problems

Left untreated GERD can cause damage to the esophagus including erosions or narrowing of the esophagus, Barrett's esophagus (a precancerous condition), and even esophageal cancer. Other effects of GERD are pulmonary problems such as asthma and bronchitis, vocal chord damage and acid damage to teeth.

During the course of diagnosis and treatment for GERD, a patient may encounter:

* gastroenterologists - specialists of the digestive tract
* ear nose and throat specialists - often the doctors to make the diagnosis, since patients may complain chiefly of throat pain, hoarseness or sinus problems
* pulmonary specialist - when chronic respiratory problems are a complaint
* radiologists - during diagnostic procedures
* cardiologist - to rule out heart problems as the cause of chest pain.

Possible diagnostic procedures include:

* esophagoscopy - a visual examination of the esophagus
* barium swallow test - an X-ray examination of the esophagus and its functionality
* esophageal manometry - a measure of muscle action of the esophagus and LES
* esophageal pH monitoring - to chronicle the amount of acid in the esophagus throughout the day.

The first thing a doctor will ask a patient complaining of frequent heartburn is how often discomfort occurs. More than two times a week will trigger suspicion of GERD. The first remedy offered will usually be diet and lifestyle change.

Eliminating

• 1
• 2
• next page >>

Add your voice

Know something about Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) & heartburn: Symptoms and treatment?
We want to hear your view. Write now!