3 of 12

Write now Article Tools

Page 2 of 2

of slavery after the first exile. Another explanation is that God will mete out four measures of punishment to those who oppressed the House of Israel and He will also console the Jewish people with four measures of comfort.

The Fifth Cup, the Cup of Elijah is poured out with the Fourth Cup before reciting the Hallel after the festive meal and introduces the second half of the Seder.

Talmudic disputes between sages are commonplace in Judaism and have led to many compromise adjudications. Rabbi Tarfon (c70 135 CE) , who puts in an appearance in the Haggadah reading, argued that Jews should drink five cups; the first four as expressions of deliverance and the fifth to commemorate God's promise: "I will bring you to the land" (Exodus 6:8). Rabbi Tarfon was overruled by his fellow sages, but so great was his reputation that it was agreed, by way of compromise, that the fifth cup be poured but not drunk.

Thus the sages left the decision open so as not to offend the great sage. They stated that when Elijah returns, as is prophesied, to announce the coming of Moshiach (the Messiah), he will make an adjudication on all unresolved questions and disputes.

Having involved the great figure of Elijah, subsequent generations saw in the Fifth Cup the symbolism of the coming Redemption of which Elijah would be the precursor.

So the night of the Seder and its symbolism brings together two Redemptions: the Redemption from Egypt and the future Redemption of the Messianic Age. The first Redemption led to the giving of the Torah at Sinai and the covenant with the Jewish people which will reach its fulfillment in the future Redemption.

This, it could be interpreted that the opening of the door to Elijah symbolizes our yearning for his arrival and the Redemption which follows. The idea that he partakes of the wine is, then, a minor, fanciful tradition.

The humble Cup of Elijah, so easily overlooked amid all the other festive activities and rituals, has a far deeper meaning and symbolism than many realize.

Learn more about this author, Ray Cook.
Click here to send this author comments or questions.

• << previous page
• 1
• 2

Add your voice

Know something about An analysis of Elijah's Cup in understanding Passover and Judaism?
We want to hear your view. Write now!