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One of the most delightful fragrances I remember from childhood is that of sweet peas growing on the back trellis of my grandmother's garden. From her I learned that growing sweet peas took a bit of care, but was well worth the trouble.

Several types of sweet peas are available in both the tall and dwarf varieties. They come in a rainbow of colors including pink, red, salmon, cream, white, lavender blue, lilac, and some with picotee edges. Many, especially the older varieties have a beautiful fragrance. Sweet peas do not like heat and humidity, so be sure to consider their bloom time choose a type suited for your plant hardiness zone.

To begin, purchase high quality seed from reputable companies. Using inexpensive seed may be tempting, but it will often germinate poorly and yield inferior results. Plan to start your seeds inside 6-8 weeks before transplanting out in the garden.

Soak the seeds in water for approximately 24 hours before planting to soften the seed coat. At the end of this time, seed should be swollen and soft. Some varieties of sweet peas have an especially hard coat, however, and these will need to be scarified. Basically, this just means to nick the outer shell slightly so that it can better soak up water.

Next plant the seed " deep in a Jiffy peat pellet or other sterilized planting medium and container. Make sure the container is at least 3" deep so as to avoid root disturbance when transplanting. Avoid using garden soil in your containers since it would most likely contain weeds and diseases that would be damaging to the seedling. Keep in a dark area at a temperature of 55 F for 14 days; higher temperatures may prevent sprouting.

As soon as the seedlings emerge, give them as much light as possible. If using a grow light, keep the light near them, move the light up as the seedlings grow. Providing 12-18 hours of light a day should keep the seedlings from becoming pale and spindly. When the seedlings reach the height of 4-5 inches, pinch them back. This will increase branching and encourage the development of strong root systems.

Finally, before transplanting make sure your garden is ready. Sweet peas develop extensive root systems, so make sure the soil is dug to at least 12". They prefer heavy, rich soil so it is helpful to incorporate some well-aged compost when digging the ground. It is also wise to make sure your trellis or fence is in place before transplanting as they will grow rapidly and need solid support.

Plant the sweet peas about a month before the last expected frost; don't worry they are tough and can take any light frosts that might occur. They should be spaced 4 to 6 inches apart when transplanting to allow for good air circulation. After your seedlings have been in the garden for a week or so, you may also wish to apply a layer of mulch to keep the roots cool and help retain moisture. Be careful not to mulch directly next to the plant, as this could harm it.

Sweet peas are very attractive to snails and slugs. An easy way to foil them is to put out some beer in an old tuna fish can. Alternately, lay a plank near the plants, and check the bottom of it each morning. Scrape off any offending critters. Of course, commercial remedies for snails and slugs are also available; ask for them at your nursery or local garden center.

Finally, it is important to deadhead regularly. This will prolong the bloom time. Even better, cut generous bouquets and enjoy the fragrance and beauty of your sweet peas indoors. After all, isn't this why you planted them?

Learn more about this author, Jennifer Olson.
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