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Nerves and bones closely work with muscles. Any problem which arises with neurons or skeletal system will directly affect the muscular system. There are many common diseases involving the muscles. These include strain, sprain, contusion, low back pain, bicipital syndrome, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, myasthenia gravis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and muscular dystrophies.

Strain:

A strain is a muscle pull which is caused due to overuse, over stretching , or excessive stress. Strains are microscopic, incomplete muscle tears with some bleeding into the tissue. The symptoms are soreness or sudden pain with local tenderness upon muscle use.

Sprain:

A sprain is an injury to the ligamentous structures involving the joint and the muscles surrounding it. The symptoms include increasing pain and swelling around the area of injury due to internal bleeding. It is confirmed by an X-ray and treated with cold compress, compression bandage and giving rest to the area affected.

Contusion:

A contusion is an injury to the soft tissues of the muscles that is produced by a blunt force (blow, kick or fall). The local symptoms are pain, swelling and discoloration (due to hematoma formation) and they are relieved with intermittent application of cold. They completely resolve in 1 to 2 weeks.

Low back pain:

An estimated 80% of the population experiences low back pain sometime during their life time. The number of medical visits resulting from low back pain is second after upper respiratory infections. Most back pain is caused by one of the musculo-skeletal problems like weak muscles, osteoarthritis of the spine or acute lumbosacral strain. The abdominal and thoracic muscles are important in lifting activities but improper use of these muscles causes back pain. The treatment depends up on the reason for acute or chronic back pain. It may vary from bed rest, stress reduction, relaxation to medication, physical therapy, whirlpool therapy and surgery.

Bicipital syndrome:

There are lesions on the long head of biceps muscle causing this problem. It is classified under painful shoulder syndrome. It involves severe muscle spasm and pain affecting the shoulder and arm movements. The treatment modality is rest, avoiding actions that cause the biceps to stretch, heat and cold application and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Multiple sclerosis (MS):

Though MS is a chronic degenerative disease of the central nervous system, the effect is more on the muscles. The primary symptoms include

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