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The Mogul emperors were the ruler of Mogul/Mughal Dynasty, who ruled Northern India from 1526 to 1858. The Mogul empire was founded by Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babar. He was the 14th-century Mongolian leader born in Fargana on 14 February 1483.

Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last head of the Delhi Sultanate, in the battle of Panipat in 1526 and founded Mogul Empire in India. The battle of Panipat is the proof of Babar's war tact's. Despite of small but well-trained army of 12,000 men ,superior artillery, gunpowder and excellent war plans Babar managed to achieve victory against a 1,00,000 men army of Lodi. After completing a mop-up campaign against several regional Hindu armies (including a formidable force of Rajputs from the west), Babur had the Delhi sultanate to himself.

Babar was more of a soldier than a politician, his kingdom included Central Asian territories, Kabul, Punjab, Delhi, and other parts of North India as far south as Gwalior and as far east as the Bihar.

Babar ruled only 4 years till 1530, and was succeeded by his son Humayun. Humayun ruled 10 years till he was defeated by Sher Shah in 1540. Actually Humayun was an intelligent man but known for his indecisiveness and absentmindedness.Humayun lived in exile in Persia for many years and in 1555 he recaptured his lost sultanate. only a year later, in 1556, he died tragically by tripping down the steps of his library.

Humayun's son Akbar, who was enthroned at the age of 13, ruled for 49 years from 1556 to 1605, decisively defeated the Afghans and firmly established Mogul supremacy in northern India.Akbar was among the India's greatest leader and extended his empire as far to the west as Afghanistan, and as far south till the Godavari river. He is known for his sound administrative system and also for recognizing the importance of tolerance. Akbar abolishes Jizya, a tax on non-Muslims and started a new faith, Din-e-Ilahi, which was an eclectic mix of the other religions, an attempt to blend Islam with Hinduism, Christianity, Jainism, and other faiths. Before him Moguls were known for his bad and discriminatory behavior with Hindus but it was Akbar whose policies made him popular in Hindus as well.

Akbar died in 1605 and his son Salim, who took the title of Jahangir, reigned from 1605-1627. Mogul painting probably reached its zenith in Jahangir's time. After Jahangir's death in 1627, his son, Shah Jahan, succeeded to the throne. While his grandfather Akbar is best known for developing the Mogul empire,

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