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Generally, when after a critique, the short story writer will want to know how their story will seem to outsiders. To critique effectively, you need to know what's important for you to see in a short story. Create a template for critiques that addresses issues you think are important in short stories.

A sample template I sometimes use follows:

Overall impression

Favourite part
Required (see step one)
Plot Continuity and Appeal
Characters
Mood and Writing style
Encouragement

Of course, you need to modify this step in the light of the first one. A writer may not care what mood their story sets-at least not for this particular revision-but needs to know a lot about whether they got their characters across to you in the space provided.

3. How to repair every problem

Obviously, this can be difficult. I certainly don't have a solution to every problem I come across in my own work or anyone elses. However, a writer may already know about a problem their work has and so repeating that problem isn't helpful. Attempt to provide at least one suggestion to correct the issues you point out. Sometimes it isn't practicable for you to correct every problem. In that case, try to address the most glaring-or alternatively the most subtle-example of a general problem you bring up.

Say it with:

1. Backing

Endeavour to back up every change you suggest or problem you point out with reasons why. Sometimes, especially with more abstract concepts like mood, you can't always put your finger on why something doesn't sit right with you.

To tell a writer that their character acts very out-of-character in paragraph six is fine but a critique will be so much more effective if it explains what the reader feels that particular character's personality is and why paragraph six clashes.

2. Tact

It's rare that someone likes to be ordered about. State your suggestions for what they are: suggestions. This, combined with the next point, will reduce friction making the writer more receptive to your comments.

3. Positivity

Encourage a writer where they've written well. When a writer comes across a critique that spells out every mistake and is completely negative, they can be hurt and will often disregard the critique entirely.

On the other hand, don't merely flatter. One or two specific instances of good writing will make the writer feel much more confident about their writing. Don't forget to include your favourite part. This indicates to the writer what strengths they have to work on and empahsize in the story.

Learn more about this author, Lauren Okely.
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