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I think this is probably paranoia (unless you have a lunatic, human or otherwise in your house) as most poisonous plants taste terrible so nothing is likely to eat much of one. Also there are probably far more dangers outside (or in your kitchen) than posed by even a large collection of Euphorbias. Most plant allergies are caused by touching plants or pollen from wind pollinated plants. Pretty flowers are animal pollinated and normally not a problem. I've also heard of birds being killed by landing on Agave spines but I suspect this is a myth as I've never seen a dead bird impaled on an outdoor (or indoor) Agave.

Let's look at some plant groups (I know I've missed some out and included some obscure ones but the point is more to give you ideas and demonstrate how to assess plants) and see how they measure up. All these are fairly large groups witch many kinds that can be collected.

Aloaceae (or Aloideae if you consider it a subfamily of the Asphodelaceae) are a group of leaf succulents with three main genera (Aloe, Gasteria and Haworthia). Tolerate a wide range of lighting conditions. Varied in size (many Aloes grow very large but the others are fairly small). Tolerate being warm all year but most are OK as long as they don't get frosted. Tolerate humidity but probably prefer dry conditions. Give a desert look. Larger specimens can be used as feature plants. Don't climb and few hang (but some sprawl). Smaller types will have clusters of small flowers in various colors. Mostly easy to grow. Some species are common but you can get rare ones.

Araceae (Philodendron family) mostly leafy jungle plants with strange inflorescences. Tolerate dim light. Tend to grow large. Like warmth. Like humidity. Give a jungle look, some have lots of inflorescences, many hang or climb and large specimens can be used for feature plants. Mostly easy to grow. Commonly used as house plants and often seen in shopping malls etc. but you can find rarer kinds.

Beaucarnea, Cordyline, Dracaena and Yucca these belong to three different families but they look similar, with grass-like leaves and have similar cultivation requirements (although some Yuccas are hardy in cold climates). Grow large. Not very fussy about heat. Not fussy about humidity. Give a jungle look. Don't hang or climb but make good feature plants. Seldom flower. Easy to grow and are good for people who want a jungle look but can't remember to water plants (but cats like nibbling the leaves). Widely used in shopping malls, offices

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