Air traffic controllers are one of the jobs that people see every day, but may be unaware of how they work. An air traffic controller is a person who helps keep air traffic safe, and prevent mid-air collisions. They are responsible for track of their airspace, and ensuring the safety of the traffic in that area.

The typical controller begins in their twenties, works thirty years, and retire by fifty. The job requires physical and psychological tests to ensure the applicant is qualified to handle the stress associated with the position, and excellent communication skills. Part of how controllers work, is by talking with pilots and other controllers. Depending on the area, air traffic controllers are either employed by the military or the airport terminal.

Becoming an air traffic controller is a long going process. First the person needs to obtain licensing, through an air traffic control school or college, and chose the area they are most interested in. They have the option of choosing area radar, approach, approach radar, or aerodrome, or chose any combination of licensing. It can take six months, or up to three years to finish the licensing program.
Once the controller is licensed and finds a job, they are given training in that organization and their procedures, followed by a conditional period. During the conditional period, the company can decide whether to continue employment or terminate the contract, depending on the controller's performance. In some situations, the conditional period is extended, or the controller will be asked to repeat training.

Full time positions as an air traffic controller are stressful and far from easy. Air traffic controllers are needed every day, at every hour of the day and are required to work shifts that include all those times, as well as holidays. The stress associated with the job is so great that the US mandates that no controller can work more than two hours without a break.

What then, does an air traffic controller actually do? The controller watches planes flying over their area, and using radar and their own observations, determine where each plane or aircraft, should go. They also tell the pilots where to land, and keep them informed about weather conditions that might effect the landing.

Working in conjunction with other controllers, they speak with several crafts at a time, directing and guiding the aircraft to the landing strip. In conditions where there is no space to land, the controller is responsible for explaining this to the pilot and directing them on what to do until there is a spot. One controller works from the ground, while a second works in the tower to cover all angles. The amount of controllers needed varies depending on the location and size of the airport.

The future of the air traffic controller field is fairly good, though the increase of computers in the occupation will decrease the amount of jobs. Controllers are paid fairly well (around $70,000 annually), but worthy because of the associated stress.

The job is complicated and hard, meaning it is not for everyone. Hopefully this will help you understand the profession a little better, and how air traffic controllers work.

Learn more about this author, Jennifer Eblin.
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