by Svetlana Elizabeth

Created on: August 24, 2007

We have all heard the long list of health problems smoking can cause. These lists commonly include problems such as bad breath and discoloured teeth, but smoking can cause or add to a large number of other serious dental problems that most people don't know about. These include oral cancer, gum recession and periodontal (gum) disease. The effect of smoking on teeth is remarkable the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that around 41% of US smokers over 65 are toothless, compared to only 20% of non-smokers.

Smoking will always damage the teeth aesthetically. The nicotine and tar content of cigarettes will discolour teeth and fillings, making them yellow or even almost brown. Smoking is also a major cause of hallitosis (bad breath), and many smokers find that relief from bad breath offered by mouthwashes and mints is very short-lasting.

75% of those diagnosed with oral cancer are smokers, suggesting that smokers significantly increase their risk of developing the disease. Smokers who are also heavy alcohol users carry the most risk. Oral cancer can form in any part of the mouth or throat. Although it is often curable is disagnosed in the early stages, this disease kills one American every hour.

Smoking greatly increases the chances of gum problems. Smokers are more likely to produce Calculus or Tartar, bacterial plaque that is difficult to remove. Calculus can cause inflamed gums, known as Gingivitis. Smokers are also more likely to have deep pockets between the teeth and gums, making it easier for Calculus to develop under the gum line. Calculus under the gum line can cause bone loss around the teeth. This is known a periodontis, and is the main cause of tooth loss in adults. Calculus under the gum line can also cause the gums to move away from the teeth. This is known as gum recession and leads to the roots of teeth becoming exposed.

Smoking reduces the effectiveness of dental work. Studies have found that dental impants are more likely to be rejected if the patient is a smoker. Smoking also delays recovery from dental surgery, such as the removal of teeth, and limits the effectiveness of dental creams.

Due to the increased risk of dental problems, smokers should pay particular attention to their dental health. Although some products (such as toothpastes) exist particularly for smokers, their effectiveness is not proven. The best way for smokers to descrease their risk of dental problems is by having regular dental check-ups, or, of course, to stop smoking or cut down on cigarettes.

Sources:

http://dentistry.about.com/od/den talhealth/a/smoking.htm
http://www.perio.org/consumer /smoking.htm
http://www.dentalhealth.org.uk/faqs/leaf letdetail.php?LeafletID=36
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi /health/894415.stm
http://www.newstarget.com/011885.h tml

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