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Overpopulation is a problem. Plain and simple, we're growing faster than we're dying, and especially now that everyone thinks that every life is valuable, people are being healed and cured of things that would normally "cull the weak" so to speak. Yeah I know thats the whole point of medicinal technology, to cure and recover from pretty much anything nature can throw at us, but it negates the balance of nature. On the ideal island (or merely isolated) society, population growth would have restrictions to ensure that growth does not exceed space. Whatever it is would need to be mandatory, because without public compliance it would be pointless. There are many forms of birth control, mostly physical and some mental. For the most part, the mental practices aren't effective enough to be well known, so while I don't know of them specifically, I will assume for the point of discussion that they don't work well enough to utilize in this society.

This leaves physical. The two C's. Cuts and Chemicals. A vasectomy on a guy can be reversed if he later decides he wants children... but its not even 100% effective. I was born regardless of my father's vasectomy, though I hear they've gotten better at the procedure. So we'd either need to do it right every time, or stick with the female version, whereas the girl gets her "tubes tied." That, as far as I know, IS 100% effective. Unfortunately, its not reversible. In regards to chemical... I'm not familiar with any fertility control drugs for men, aside from maybe steroids and Mountain Dew, which decrease your sperm count (though not enough for serious consideration). Best methods for population regulation would fall to surgical. Developing a method of tube-diversion for females (similar to vasectomy on males, prohibits the egg from entering the uterus) and using vasectomies on males. This would not be done until the child reaches reproductive maturity, to avoid any complications during physical maturation. Even then, the procedures would not inhibit chemical and hormone passage, so should not cause complication at any later point.

When it comes time for childbirth, use artificial insemination. Semen samples may be taken from men prior to sterilization. Eggs may be harvested from women at any time. That way the operation does not need to be tampered with, and there can be technological intervention, which is in a different article.
So, now that you've eliminated unwanted pregnancy, you can define what entails a "wanted" pregnancy.

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