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Logic is the science of correct reasoning, the science of explaining relationships among postulates in terms of implicit implication, contradiction, conversion and contrariety. If a preposition is logically true, then that means its opposite is impossible: 'one plus one equals two' is logically true, meaning that 'one plus one does not equal two' is impossible. We can all clearly see this to be the case, but on what grounds do we make this claim? We do not have to observe this anywhere in nature, or to see all "ones" being added "one by one" to know that "one plus one equals two" always. Another logical statement is "a triangle has three sides." We do not have to observe all the triangles in the universe to know that anything called a "triangle" will logically have three sides.
Science is the systematized knowledge of nature and the physical world. By definition, science is a "science" of observation. Since logic, by definition does not depend on observation for its evaluation or execution, any attempt at its employment within a scientific field would prove rather silly. This does not lead to the conclusion that science is illogical, but that they are two different fields attempting explanations at two very different things. Science's aim is towards the natural, or "observable" world, logic's purpose is to tell us what we can "know for certain." Both, in their respective goals and fields, are the best explanations, in my opinion, that we have so far. If you'd like to know why the sky is blue, science can give you a detailed layout of chemical reactions, amounts of light verses the earth's atmosphere, etc. If you'd like to know what a triangle is, logic will give you a simple definition.
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The role of logic in science
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