The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was formed on October 3, 1970, combining three existing government agencies; the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Weather Bureau, and the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, all previously established in the late 1800's. The new agency was recognized as a member of the United States Department of Commerce. The formation of the NOAA came in response to a need for greater forewarning and protection from natural disasters, a better understanding of the environment, and research leading to better and safer uses for marine resources.

The main responsibilities of the NOAA are to monitor the environment conditions in the oceans and atmosphere, overseeing the forecasts and severe weather warnings put out the Weather Bureau. They also research and develop equipment to increase warning time in an effort to provide greater protect to citizens and property in the event of natural disasters.

The NOAA manages the use of coastal and marine areas, regulating fisheries, and developing measures to protect threatened or endangered marine life.

Through the use of scientific research, the NOAA also gathers information regarding the effects of climate, weather, business and transportation on marine environments, in an effort to provide the greatest production and protection of both human and marine life.

The work of the NOAA is performed by civilian employees, as well as approximately 300 uniformed government service members who make up the NOAA Corps.

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