by Donna Hicks

Created on: September 07, 2010

There are various factors of concern when considering how potassium affects the health of the elderly. The most common issue related to potassium is that of lower than normal levels of potassium in the body, although elevated potassium levels are also of concern. Monitoring of potassium in the elderly and ensuring that they maintain acceptable  levels of potassium will aid in preventing and minimizing their risks for major health problems.

Importance of Potassium

Potassium is a mineral that is important to everyone. Potassium plays an important role in cardiovascular functioning, muscle building, conduction of nerve impulses, and regulates the water balance in the human body. Blood levels of potassium in the body are controlled by the kidneys, and any excess is excreted in urine. In the elderly, major organs tend to not function as well as in younger people. Therefore, the amount of potassium in the body of the elderly may not be able to be properly absorbed and regulated.

Potassium Deficiency – Hypokalemia

Potassium deficiency is more common in the elderly for a number of reasons. The elderly tend to eat smaller meals and those who live on fixed incomes may not get enough foods that are rich in potassium in their diet. Hypokalemia in the elderly can be caused by medications and the aging process. The effects of potassium deficiency in the elderly, particularly, can cause significant health problems and can exacerbate existing health problems. One of the causes of potassium deficiency in the elderly is due to diuretics. Elderly people often are prescribed diuretics to aid in the treatment of hypertension, kidney problems, heart failure and liver problems. If elderly persons become ill and suffer from diarrhea or vomiting, these may contribute to hypokalemia.  Medical disorders such as diabetes and other conditions may contribute to potassium deficiency. Some medical treatments can cause decreased levels of potassium in the elderly, as can a lack of potassium in the diet. Potassium deficiency, particularly, can cause and contribute to significant symptoms which may include fatigue, muscle spasms or “restless leg syndrome,” weak memory or memory loss, deterioration of the heart or other cardiac-related medical problems, problems with the nervous system, anxiety, skin-related issues and more. Potassium deficiency has also been linked to the bone loss of osteoporosis.

Too Much Potassium – Hyperkalemia

People, especially the elderly,

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