by Joan H. Young

Created on: August 28, 2010

Hiking when the weather is chilly, even cold, can be enjoyable. There are fewer insects, and the air feels refreshing. But most people are afraid they will be too cold. Some simple choices and methods of dressing will keep you warm– ready for a good time outdoors.

Key elements in successful dressing for cold weather are layering, fabric selection, core/extremity protection, staying clean, and staying dry.

Layering
Layering is the number one most important principle to staying warm. The air trapped between the layers retains body heat, just like adding another blanket to the bed. Layering also allows you to remove one garment if you begin to get overheated– see staying dry.

There are three basic layers to consider. They are: inner, middle, outer. You can easily add more layers if you wish, but the bulk may become a problem.  Just keep in mind the functions of each layer. For example, you don’t want to put something that absorbs water on the outside.

The inner layer is next to your skin, and is usually called underwear. Choose fabrics that are both comfortable and move moisture away from the body. Cotton is a poor choice because it retains moisture. Treated silk or wicking fabrics are good.

The middle layer is the one that should provide the most insulation. This is where you want to trap lots of dead air to retain body heat. Good choices are wool or polar fleece.

The outer layer is sometimes called a shell. This should be a close-woven fabric to hold in the heat, and keep water and wind out. The shell is often nylon or a specialty fabric such as Gore-Tex.

Fabrics
Fabrics separate themselves into two basic categories: natural and synthetic. Natural fibers include wool, cotton, linen, and silk. Cotton and linen are not appropriate for winter hiking. They retain moisture, and once they are wet you will quickly become cold because they don’t move the moisture away from your skin.

Silk is a good option for underwear if you are allergic or find the techno-fabrics uncomfortable. It is lightweight and adds warmth without bulk. It’s often less expensive than high-tech synthetics too.  Silk underwear is often chemically treated to improve wicking.

Wool is the super-star of natural fabrics for cold weather. It keeps you warm even when damp, and a middle or top layer of wool in the winter will go a long way toward preserving body heat. Good merino wool is soft, not itchy, and makes extra-warm underwear. There is a good reason that hunting

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