by Madonna Wilt

Created on: January 12, 2010   Last Updated: March 18, 2010

Following heavy winter snows, ice build-up on rooftops can lead to major roof damage.   Ice dams are formed when parts of the roof are at or below freezing, while others remain above the freezing mark.  An ice dam is a layer of ice that forms on the edges the roof.  It occurs when snow located on warmer portions of the roof, usually the highest point and the middle, begins to melt while the snow on the edge  remains at freezing. The melting snow runs down the roof, mixes with the ice, then refreezes as temperatures drop. This layer of ice prevents melting snow from draining properly and causes the  formation to grow larger and heavier as more snow melts and refreezes behind it.  This can lead to costly repairs, including; water damage to the roof, broken gutters and mold in ventilation systems. Damp walls, peeling paint and wet insulation are also good indicators of ice dam problems.

Preventing ice dams from forming on your roof is relatively easy.  By taking a few simple steps now, you can prevent major damage. Controlling the amount of heat that escapes from your home is the single most important preventative measure that you can take.  First, ensure that the attic ceiling is airtight and well insulated.  Seal all cracks and leaks with caulk for an airtight seal. You want to eliminate any air leaks from the house into the attic. Seal around attic doors and pull down stairways with weather stripping tape and consider upgrading attic insulation or adding an extra layer of fiberglass insulation.  If you have skylights, be sure to insulate around these, as well. Blocking them off with plastic sheeting will also help to eliminate heat loss.  Taking these prventitive steps now, will help to ensure even snow melt, while saving money on home heating costs, as well.

If preventative measures fail, then short-term stategies can prevent major damage.  Quick removal of snow from the roof will prevent ice dams from forming.  If ice dams have already formed, they can be temporarily removed by breaking away parts of the ice to create channels which the water can run through. The channels will refreeze if the temperature outside is below freezing, so if you use this method you will need to re-clear the channels every day or so.  The problem with these removal methods, though, is that they can cause shingle damage, and climbing around on an icy roof is very dangerous. In most cases, snow and ice removal is best left to the experts.  If you require assistance, try contacting a roofing company or other Contractor who specializes in snow and ice removal,   You can also find contractors specializing in home weatherization in your local Yellow Pages directory under the headings of Energy Management and Conservation Consultants or Insulation Contractors.

Learn more about this author, Madonna Wilt.
Click here to send this author comments or questions.