by Lesley Hebert

Created on: November 19, 2009   Last Updated: December 17, 2011

The daily news provides myriad examples of how cultural, political and religious differences create mistrust and misunderstanding in the world.  In the adult ESL classroom the teacher encounters a microcosm of the greater world.  Learners from varied cultural and linguistic backgrounds bring a variety of expectations and learning styles to class, along with different life experiences, political views, and religious beliefs. In such an environment, it may often be a challenge for the teacher to foster an atmosphere of trust and understanding.

First and foremost, the classroom should be a comfort zone where learners feel welcome and accepted.  On their first day, welcome them into the class in a warm and friendly manner, and invite other class members to introduce themselves to the newcomer.  Then allow them to integrate into the class at their own pace.

Have realistic expectations.  Remember that many learners need a “silent period” for linguistic processing, while others may be shy or just naturally reserved.  As an ESL teacher, you also need to be aware of unspoken cultural differences such as proxemics (personal space) and body language which might make learners feel uncomfortable with each other.  It is sometimes useful to raise awareness of these concepts by discussing them in a very general way. 

To promote learner fluency as well as to foster a comfortable feeling in the class, use lots of encouragement along with positive correction techniques.  Mistakes are a natural part of the learning process, and you goal should be to create an atmosphere which builds learner confidence as they experiment with their new language.

By providing lots of encouragement to the learners, you will serve as a model for the class.  You can also serve as a positive role model by emonstrating your acceptance of and interest in all the learners.  It may seem like a very simple thing, but make a special effort to pronounce names correctly.  If a name is particularly difficult, ask the learner to help you with your pronunciation. Find out as much as you can about each student: their backgrounds, their learning goals, and their skills and strengths.  Demonstrate an appreciation of and value for each learner’s unique talents, and encourage them to contribute to the class by drawing on their passions and strengths.

Foster friendly and non-threatening communication by showing an open and inquiring mind.  Encourage learners to talk about their countries and cultures in ways that are appropriate for the level of the class.  Cultivate a non-judgmental attitude.  Welcome information about different ways of doing things and different points of view.  Remember that there is no one right way to do anything, or any one correct point of view, and it is our differences which make the world the interesting place that it is.

Ultimately, you will demonstrate to the learners that if you open your heart to the world it will open its heart to you.

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