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HIV is a deadly infection, which can progress to an even deadlier stage of AIDS. It is wreaking massive havoc around the world by claiming millions of lives, and leaving millions of innocent children struck with this deadly disease or orphaned.

Health organizations all over the world are putting in all their efforts to deal with this scary epidemic.

We can protect the world from HIV by prevention of new HIV cases,and early detection and appropriate treatment of the existing cases, and spreading awareness about the disease. This can be achieved by understanding more about HIV and AIDS, and following the appropriate measures of prevention and treatment.

HIV is spread through some of the body's fluids, like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk, and rarely through other body fluids like synovial fluids, spinal fluids, the latter of which are more likely to spread infection to health workers dealing with them.

Therefore, the most common ways through which HIV spreads are:

a. Sexual: most common route of spread. Homosexual and anal sex have a specially high risk of HIV transmission. Also higher rates of spread are found if one or both partners suffer from any sexually transmitted diseases, because these diseases cause more CD4 cells to be accumulated at the infection site, thereby making it easier for the virus to enter. Transmission is also higher at the times of menses because of direct exposure to blood.

Thus, in order to prevent HIV, we should campaign aggressively for adherence to the following sexual practices:

1. having safe sex with use of a condom always.
2. limiting oneself to a single sexual partner.
3. avoiding indiscriminate sex.
4. avoiding anal sex and homosexual practices.
5. avoiding sex if either partner affected with an STD, until fully treated.

b. Needle sharing: This is again an increasingly common route of spread among drug-users, and also sometimes in persons getting tattoos, etc.

It is needed that all concerned be extremely cautious about the following:

1. The best way is to encourage people to stop using drugs.
2. For those who continue to do so, they should never reuse or share syringes or other preparation equipment.
3. More needle exchange programs should be established.
4. People should safely dispose the used syringes.

If new, sterile syringes are not available, it is highly recommended to boil and then use the older ones.

While going for any other treatment that involves needle injection also, everyone should make sure that the source is a safe

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