The Bichon Frise has a long and extensive history throughout the world. Once used by Spanish sailors for bartering, this breed has been seen as a companion to nobility and as a circus performer. This active and curious canine is still popular across the globe displaying a curly coat and adorable face. Better breeding practices have created a hardier dog breed however; there are still some diseases and disorders that are connected to the Bichon.
Eye and Ear Disorders
The Bichon Frise can encounter several external problems including cataracts of the eyes and ear infections. Cataracts are common in older dogs but it can be more common in this breed. Cataracts can affect eyesight which can be corrected with surgery. Other breeds prone to cataracts include Wire-haired Terriers and Cocker Spaniels.
Any breed of dog with long or hairy ears is susceptible to ear infections and the Bichon is no exception. Infections of the ear can be caused by matted hair, wax buildup, foreign objects inside the ear, moisture, and bacteria. Signs of an ear infection include shaking of the head, scratching of the ear, and a foul odor in the ear.
Skin Disorders and Allergies
The Bichon has the reputation of being an allergy-free dog but the breed itself is prone to allergies. Allergies may be the most prevailing health concern associated with the Bichon. The most common allergies associated with this breed include food allergies, sensitivity to flea bites, contact dermatitis, and allergies to substances inhaled through the environment.
While not all allergies can be fully prevented, there are steps owners can take to limit the contact with certain allergens. Always provide your Bichon Frise with a healthy dog food that has no or limited amounts of by-products and fillers. Limit treats and human foods as much as possible. Use a flea preventative recommended by your veterinarian.
Dental Disease
Regular dental cleaning should be part of any dog's grooming routine. Preventative care and good dental hygiene are keys to preventing tartar formation which can lead to dental disease. Most breeders recommend daily dental cleaning for the Bichon. Your dog should have regular check-ups from a veterinarian who will check for buildup and remove excess tartar from the teeth.
Patellar Luxation
All small dog breeds can be affected by a luxating patella. The patella is a bone in the leg which we refer to as the knee cap in humans. If the patella luxates or moves from its groove in the femur, the dog can experience short-term or long-term discomfort. If not treated, the ridges of the patellar will wear leading to lameness. Surgery is sometimes required to fix the disorder.
Bladder and Kidney Stones
Stones develop when salts existing in the urine crystallize and form lumps. When the crystals settle in the bladder, they move against the lining and cause irritation. These stones can block the urine passage flow which is a life-threatening condition. As the passageway becomes obstructed, toxins accumulate in the bloodstream, a condition known as uremia. Dogs, like the Bichon that are prone to this disorder, should be kept on a strict diet to help prevent these stones.
Kidney stones are not as common in dogs. On occasion, these stones can obstruct the ureters causing severe pain, just like in humans. The stones will either pass through the system or need surgically removed. Your Bichon Frise should have unlimited access to water and given ample opportunities to urinate throughout the day.
A Bichon that has proper care, regular grooming, and a nutritional diet generally stays in good health. Schedule regular vet check-ups and watch for any signs of changes in your pet's behavior. Provide plenty of fresh water, bathroom breaks, and prevent your Bichon from jumping from high places. Most importantly, if you have any concerns for your Bichon's health, seek professional veterinarian care.
References:
THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION ENCYCLOPEDIA OF DOG HEALTH AND CARE, copyright 1994.
http://www.mydogbreed.com/bichon-frise/bichon-frise- health.php
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/bichon-frise-health-r isks.html