According to a UNESCO report of March 2002, distance education is defined as an educational process in which a significant proportion of the teaching is conducted by someone removed in space and/or time from the learner. Open learning, in turn, is an organized activity, based on the use of teaching materials, in which constraints on study are minimized in terms of access, or of time and place, pace, method of study, or any combination of these. Thus, the term 'open and distance learning' is used as an umbrella term to cover educational approaches of this kind.

Open and distance learning is creating a mark in the education system since it has been quickly embraced as an alternative to traditional education. Countries, especially those in the developing world, have recognized open and distance education as a good source for providing them with a more highly trained and skilled workforce. They have also recognized the benefits and advantages of this educational approach. The cost of distance education depends on a number of factors, however, it usually less costly than traditional education.

Open and distance learning increases access to and flexibility of education. With this approach more people are able to gain an education since limitations such as space, among others, may not be a consideration. Also, it offers flexibility, since students can enroll at a time convenient for them, and in many instances they can study and complete the program at their own pace. Students have the distinct advantage of being able to combine work and studies, and there is the added benefit of not having to travel or move away from home.

Distance and open education provides the opportunity for lifelong learning. This approach makes it easier for students to move from one educational level to the next while still remaining in the same location. It allows the learner to have more marketable skills which would probably not have been possible.

Additionally, open and distance learning provide for the professional development of employees. This proves to be cost effective for employers who would otherwise have to pay huge sums for upgrading employees' skills and training. Higher education brings with it increased productivity leading to more successful organizations.

Open and distance education has broadened the scope of education and has given the opportunity for education to those who would otherwise have been unable to access further learning. Also, as new technologies are being developed, it ensures that education is relevant and that what exists is upgraded to suit present needs.

Open and distance learning has become a dynamic force which has completely transformed education systems worldwide. Access and flexibility has opened the doors for many target groups who may have had limited access to traditional education.

References

Open and Distance Learning: Trends, Strategies and Policy Considerations, UNESCO 2002

Teacher Education Guidelines: Using Open and Distance Education, UNESCO 2002

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