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Due to an increasing population of elderly and the increasing awareness of the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, more consumers are turning towards health supplements as a form of prophylaxis and as a natural alternative treatment to taking drugs. Of the numerous supplements available today, the top five commonly used supplements appear to be Echinacea, ginseng, gingko biloba, glucosamine and omega-3 fatty acids. These findings are based on a government survey that was reported in 2007.

Echinacea

Commonly recommended for colds and respiratory infections, it functions by stimulating the immune system. To date, there is no conclusive evidence to prove that Echinacea helps to prevent or reduce the duration of colds or other respiratory infections. The results of some studies appear promising while others reveal no statistically significant effects.

The side effects are primarily allergic in nature, such as asthma attacks, anaphylaxis, abdominal pain, nausea and dizziness. Echinacea is also contraindicated in individuals with ragweed or similar allergies. It is not recommended for use beyond ten days, in children under 12, during pregnancy, or in lactating mothers. It should not be used by individuals with progressive systemic and auto-immune disorders, connective tissue disorders, or related diseases. It should also be avoided in individuals taking immunosuppressants, or drugs that affect the liver. Echinacea also has the potential to interfere with anesthesia.

Ginseng

A commonly used herbal supplement that is believed to stimulate immune system; increase stamina, physical and mental performance; and lower blood sugar and blood pressure. It has also been recommended for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, Hepatitis C, and symptoms of menopause.

Current research on the efficacy of ginseng is inconclusive. Results vary from study to study depending on the type and quality of the ginseng preparation. Further research is necessary to determine the true benefits derived from consuming this supplement.

Possible side effects are headaches, insomnia and diarrhea, euphoria, high blood pressure, low blood pressure and breast tenderness. Ginseng is contraindicated in diabetics because of its effect on reducing blood sugar levels.

Gingko biloba

Generally recommended for the treatment of circulatory disorders, dementia or Alzheimer's disease. It is also taken to enhance memory function and reduce eye problems. There is no conclusive evidence that consuming

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