Individuals planning to acquire a pedigreed dog need essential information on particular breeds. Even if you are looking at a mixed-breed, you can look at the different make-ups of the breeds to get a general idea of what one might expect from that dog. The history, size, grooming needs, temperament, and common health ailments should all be taken into consideration. The Beagle is one of the top ten breeds owned in the United States. Just like with all other breeds, the Beagle does have some health concerns that can become an issue during ownership.
Ectropion
This condition is an inherited disorder where the eyelids roll out. This can become a serious problem as debris can enter the eye causing irritation leading to infections of the eye. The eye will have a discharge and the dog can become infected with a severe bout of conjunctivitis. The chances of this condition increases as the Beagle ages and the skin loses elasticity and begins to sag more than usual. Serious cases may require surgery to tighten the lid.
Cherry Eye
Cherry eye is an ailment found in many dog breeds. Cherry eye refers to the pink protrusion that can sometimes be seen in the corner of the eye. When the tear gland becomes infected, the knot is referred to as "cherry eye" but is not considered dangerous to the dog. Antibiotics are often prescribed to treat the infection. However, surgery is sometimes needed to reposition the gland.
Cataracts
Just like with humans, the Beagle is susceptible to cataracts of the eye. Most commonly seen in older dogs, cataracts is a hardening of the eye lens that prevents light from passing to the eye's retina. Other factors that can contribute to cataracts include diabetes, injury to the eye, eye infections, and other eye related diseases. Surgical removal of the lens is the most common treatment for this ailment.
Heart Disease
Heart disease in Beagles can either be acquired or present when they are born. Early signs of heart disease are sometimes not easily recognized. This disease begins with the stages of heart failure which can include coughing, lethargy, and difficulty with breathing. It is important that Beagle owners not let their dogs become obese as this can cause stress on the heart. Treatment for heart disease depends upon the underlying issues that may be causing the disease and should be discussed with a veterinarian.
Epilepsy
Epilepsy can be caused by a variety of factors including head trauma, brain tumors, poisoning, bacterial infections, but can also be inherited. Epileptic seizures typically occur in three stages: *restlessness, *twitching, and lastly, *uncontrolled movements leading to collapse. Seizures in dogs are controlled in the same manner as in humans, with epileptic medications. When the dog is promptly treated, a Beagle can adjust to life with the disease but will need medication for the rest of its life.
Allergic Dermatitis
The term "allergic dermatitis" is used to describe an assortment of skin allergies that can be caused by a variety of factors. These factors can include bites from parasites including fleas and food allergies, among others. Allergic contact dermatitis is used to describe contact skin reactions to substances such as flea sprays, carpeting, and dog shampoos. Signs of the allergy may not appear until after repeated exposure to the substance. Treatments include removing the allergen from the dog's environment. A veterinarian may also prescribe medications to relieve discomfort such as itching.
The most common ailments in Beagles are those that affect the eyes but this shouldn't mean that every Beagle will have serious health problems. Every breed differs and environmental factors can adversely affect a Beagle's health. Some Beagles can go their entire life without serious complications while others experience serious health issues. Any breed that has not had proper nutrition and care is at risk to health-related complications. If your Beagle experiences any signs of illness, you should seek veterinary care for your pet.
References:
BEAGLES by Lucia Roesel-Parent, copyright 2003.
A NEW OWNER'S GUIDE TO BEAGLES, by David Arnold, copyright 1998.
THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION ENCYCLOPEDIA OF DOG HEALTH AND CARE, with Sally Bordwell, copyright 1994.