aspects of the lingering legacy of the Hyksos. In reality, both are interconnected. Without the improvements in weaponry inspired (or at least accelerated) by the Hyksos, subsequent Egyptian rulers are unlikely to have been able to carry out their imperialistic ambitions. At the end of the SIP, the sons of pharaohs became generals, not clerks; the rise of the military state had never before reached such dizzying heights. This is the legacy of the Hyksos.

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