by Kristeen Mandak

Created on: June 08, 2009   Last Updated: June 16, 2009

In the past decade, breast cancer rates have decreased by 10% in the US, despite the fact that the overall rates have risen by 30% over the last 25 years in developed countries. Aside from any advances, breast cancer still remains the most common of all cancers that inflict women. Statistics show that one in every eight women will develop breast cancer at some point during their lifetime. However, considering these numbers, breast cancer is treatable through many different options; the key, first, is early detection.

THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY DETECION

Early detection of breast cancer greatly affects a woman's chance of surviving the disease. There are two types of early detection: mammograms and self-exams.

A mammogram is an x-ray that is specifically used to screen the breast for any abnormalities in tissue or for lumps. They are an annual procedure for women over the age of 40. Some may have increased risk factors for breast cancer, such as family history and obesity. These individuals may consider getting mammograms as early as their 30s as a precaution.

Diagnostic mammograms are for women who have possibly detected an abnormality during a self-exam. These mammograms screen the whole breast tissue, but concentrate on the areas of concern in particular.

Women should be proficient in breast self-exams by the time they reach their 20s. Although breast cancer is most common in women during their menopausal years, it has still been known to have been detected in women as young as their 20s, especially if high-risk factors exist. If a woman is unsure of how to conduct a self-exam, then it is advised that they are shown by a healthcare provider.

Self-exams should be conducted on a monthly basis. They are also provided during annual gynecological exams. Women should lie down while feeling one breast at a time with her arm up, checking for any abnormalities. Such abnormalities include lumps, pain, or discharge. If the exam is performed standing up, the breast tissue is harder to feel. Consequently, many women perform exams improperly, and can miss an irregularity.

CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS

Surgery is the most common breast cancer treatment option. There are two types currently offered: mastectomy and lumpectomy.

During a mastectomy, the entire breast tissue is removed. However, muscle tissue underneath the breast is not removed, as it was in past years. This makes it easier for a woman to receive a breast

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