by Angela Mcelroy

Created on: June 07, 2009   Last Updated: June 16, 2009

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer found in women. It is the second leading cause of death in American women. Although a woman is a hundred times more likely to develop the disease, men are not immune to this type of cancer. It ranks fifth as the cause of death among types of cancer. Over 200,000 Americans are diagnosed with breast cancer each year. Due to early detection and treatment options mortality rates have decreased. Breast cancer is more common in white women than in women of African-American descent. However, the mortality rates in African-American women are higher.

Early Detection

Detecting breast cancer in the early stages of the disease is vital. Chances of survival are increased when the disease is found early. Delaying detection can have disastrous consequences. The cancer can spread to other vital organs if it is gone undetected for to long. There are three types of tests that aid in the detection of breast cancer; the mammogram, self exam, and a clinical exam.

The mammogram is simply a x-ray of the breast. It is the best way to find the disease in the early stages. A mammogram can detect a tumor before it is to big to feel and before the any symptoms are felt. Regularly scheduled mammograms can decrease the risk of dying from breast cancer. Women that are 40 years or older should have mammograms every one to two years.. The mammogram is usually the first medical test that physicians use to check for signs of breast cancer.

The self exam is the monthly check of ones breasts. The breasts should be checked for any changes in size or shape. Check for lumps or changes in the breasts or underarms. Breast cancer is usually discovered after a lump is felt in the breast.

A clinical exam is administered by a physician. The physician also checks for lumps or changes with his/her hands.

Treatment Options

Surgery is usually the first option. The goal is to remove the cancerous tissue. There are different types of surgery all which depend on individual needs.

Lumpectomies remove the tumor and save the breast.
Mastectomy is the total removal of the breast.
Lymph node removal can be done during a lumpectomy or mastectomy if the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.
Breast reconstruction rebuilds the breast after a mastectomy and after a lumpectomy if necessary. Not all women choose this surgery and wear a prosthesis instead.
Prophylactic ovary removal is a preventive measure to reduce the amount of estrogen in the

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