Summer temperatures are a welcome relief from winter's cold, but high temperatures can pose a serious threat to our beloved pets. Pets primarily experience the effects of summer heat when left unattended in a vehicle.

Did you know that pets are more susceptible to heat exhaustion and heat stroke than humans? Dogs and cats regulate their body temperature primarily by panting. Brachycephalic breeds, such as boxers, are particularly susceptible to heat stroke because they can't pant effectively due to their short snouts.

Think about it: as your pet sits in a hot car the inside temperature builds considerably in only ten minutes. It doesn't matter if you parked your car in the shade with a couple of windows cracked. Pets can succumb to the effects of high temperatures very quickly.

As the vehicle temperature rises, your pet's internal body temperature also raises. As your pet pants, every expelled breath contributes more humidity and heat to the vehicle's interior heat levels. There comes a point where your pet's body can't dissipate the heat fast enough to cool down. Without immediate emergency care, your pet will not survive.

When internal body temperatures reach 107 degrees, cells begin to break down. Organs begin to shut down and internal damage occurs that is often irreversible. For optimal health, dog temps should not be above 106 degrees (F), and cat temps should be no more than 102.5 degrees (F).

Your pet is in trouble if exhibiting these symptoms:

Heavy panting

A bright red tongue or pale gums

Weakness and muscle tremors

Lack of coordination, staggering

Vomiting

Thick saliva, frothing or drooling

Diarrhea

Confusion

Seizures

Coma

Begin emergency treatment to cool down your pet. Dogs can be cooled with a hose or a tub of cool water. Don't use an ice bath because it causes veins to constrict which prohibit cooling, ultimately causing shock. Cats will prefer a rubdown with a damp towel and water on their feet. Offer small amounts of water. Place your pet in a cool location in front of a fan or air conditioner. Once your pet is stabilized, go to the vet immediately.

Heat exhaustion and heat stroke can be avoided with a little planning and care. Plan recreational activities in the early morning or evening when temperatures are cooler. Avoid walking your pet on hot pavement to avoid burns on your dog's tender pads. Carry water and a drinking bowl for your pet. Exercising in a warm pool will increase body temperature, so provide cool down times and rest. Special needs pets such as the overweight, ill, elderly or very young pets should be kept indoors. Keep plenty of fresh water on hand in a tip proof container. Provide shade or shelter from the sun.

Owners mistakenly shave long haired pets thinking this will help keep them cool. Unfortunately shaving removes their only source of insulation from the heat as well as taking away the natural protection fur affords from sunburn, insect bites, and other skin irritations. Brushing out the heavier undercoat is sufficient.

While pets naturally seek a cool spot on hot days, pets often die because owners unknowingly place them in unhealthy situations leading to heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and ultimately death. Protect your pet by understanding how they dispel body heat and learn to recognize symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

Learn more about this author, Linda G. Hull.
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