by Natasha L. Kohlhoff Polak

Created on: March 21, 2009   Last Updated: June 28, 2009

What is a Phylloides Tumor?

A phylloides or phyllodes tumor is a fast-growing, leaf-like tumor that occurs in the connective tissue of the breast. It can be benign, borderline (or pre-cancerous) or malignant. When developed into cancer, it is different from what you typically define as breast cancer, since it does not affect the lymph nodes, does not occur in stages, and is therefore considered a sarcoma. Because of this, it is harder to treat beyond a recommended mastectomy for recurring tumors. It does not respond to radiation or chemotherapy once metastasized.

Who's at risk?

Women (and occasionally men) can develop a phylloides tumor, but it remains of unknown cause. Of all those who develop tumors, only around 1% are phylloides tumors, and over 80% are usually benign. However, this has been something occurring more in the past decade, with malignancy rates increasing.

I personally had a borderline (but mainly benign) phylloides tumor removed January 2009 and was only 29 at the time. It was a complete surprise to my doctor, and she mentioned only seeing a couple people a year who have had this kind of tumor, because it is so rare. I have now met several women who are both younger and older than me, so you can never be too careful in suspecting a phylloides tumor. Clearly, more research is needed to address the lack of knowledge in this area.

What to look for

Upon doing a breast self-exam, you will find that the breast tissue varies, often lumpy in areas or having the appearance of grains of sand. Breast lumps themselves are not always serious, as they can be due to hormonal changes, and disappear on their own. Regular self-exams are very important in determining any changes you might see or feel on your breasts.

If you find a lump, it is always wise to schedule an appointment with your doctor. He or she will ask if you've ever had lumps before, if you have a family history of breast cancer, or if you've noticed any pain, itchiness, or other changes in your breasts. Generally speaking, a lump that moves easy to the touch is less likely to be phylloides (but don't rule them out). Malignant tumors of any type tend to be nonmoving.

Symptoms of cancerous tumors but may not all be present other than a fast-growing lump, but may also include:

*change in breast size

*translucent or waxy-looking skin where the lump is located

*lump is warm to the touch

Getting a diagnosis

Depending on your age, you might be asked to wait a cycle to see if the lump disappears

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