by Angie Pollock

Created on: March 05, 2009

Hedgehogs in the wild are classified as an insectivore but this small creature is actually omnivorous. A wild hedgehog will forage for both insects and vegetation, which ever gets them an easy and tasty meal. Many hedgehogs that have been imported from their native Africa were caught searching out an easy meal near dump sites. Just like with humans, most hedgehogs have their own favorites and will eat what appeals to them which can include worms, newborn mice, fruits, and fungi.

Before trying to mimic the wild hedgehog diet for a pet hedgehog, you should educate yourself first in the nutritional requirements of this unique creature. The full understanding surrounding a captive hedgehog's diet is complicated and still not fully researched. Finding a balanced hedgehog food can be difficult as many manufacturers have taken pet food designed for other pets and have simply relabeled it for hedgehogs.

Most hedgehog owners provide dry cat food as the base of their pet's diet. If choosing to use cat food, the product should be of good quality with either meat or poultry listed first on the ingredient label. Choose a cat food that is high in protein and avoid fish and nut based cat foods. Dry cat foods are dual purpose as they provide a tasty meal while helping control tarter build-up on the teeth.

The amount of food given will depend upon the hedgehogs current weight and age. One tablespoon will generally be plenty for a young hedgehog which should gain at least one ounce each week until three months of age. Hedgehogs that are more active may require additional food which is why owners should weigh their hedgehogs regularly and track the weight to prevent weight loss or obesity. Hedgehogs that are nursing babies should have food available at all times.

In addition to a dry, crunchy food, a pet hedgehog should be provided with a small portion of canned cat food (meat or poultry based only), cooked eggs, and cooked chicken or turkey. One teaspoon per day is typically all that a hedgehog will need in addition to their dry food. Low-fat cottage cheese is also a great source of protein and by offering a variety throughout the week will keep a hedgehog interested in their meals.

Hedgehogs do not eat fruits and vegetables on a regular basis in the wild however offering these types of foods to a domestic hedgehog can prove to be beneficial. This food group should be offered in very small portions as the hedgehog's main diet should consist of meat. The amount should be no more than the size of two peas or approximately 1/4 teaspoon. Apples, banana, melon, carrots, and even applesauce are all safe for a hedgehog.

For owners that can provide their pet hedgehog with live food, this will be a welcome treat to their pet's diet. A couple of mealworms or live crickets will almost always be accepted by a hedgehog. Only provide these treats sparingly as they are high in fat which can lead to obesity. Most hedgehogs will devour cooked hamburger but again, this should be given in moderation.

Avoid feeding hedgehogs cow's milk as this can cause diarrhea. Peanuts are also discouraged as the pieces can become lodged in the roof of the mouth and the teeth. Provide plenty of fresh water and monitor your pet's eating habits. Any changes, problems, or loss of appetite can mean a sign of illness and may need immediate veterinary care.

References:

THE HEDGEHOG, by Dawn Wrobel with Susan A. Brown, D.V.M., copyright 1997.

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