by Amber Murray

Created on: February 05, 2009

Cat Scratch Disease, also known as Cat Scratch Fever, is a bacterial infection caused by the scratch, bite or sometimes lick of a cat. The infection is caused by a bacteria called Bartonella henselae. This bacteria is transmitted from cat to cat by fleas and lives in the cat's saliva. Cats who carry Bartonella henselae show no symptoms and it has been estimated that up to 50% of cats are infected with the bacteria at least once in their lives.

The main symptom of Cat Scratch Disease is painfully swollen lymph nodes (round immune system organs that are sometimes referred to as glands), along with fever, fatigue, rash, headache, loss of appetite and other general symptoms of infection. However, more rare symptoms are sometimes present and can include seizures, eye sores and bone, joint, liver, lung or spleen infections as well as a persistent high fever.

In order to prevent Cat Scratch Disease follow these tips:

- Never handle stray or unfamiliar cats. A scared cat is more likely to become aggressive and bite and since the bacteria that causes Cat Scratch Disease is transmitted by fleas, strays and outdoor cats are more likely to be carrying it.

- Always wash your hands after handling cats or any other pets.

- Keep your pets and home free of fleas.

-Handle cats gently and avoid rough play to lower your chance of being bitten or scratched.

-If you are scratched, immediately wash the wound with antibacterial soap and hot water and watch it closely for signs of infection. The first symptom of Cat Scratch Disease is usually a blister or bump on the wound, appearing up to two weeks after the injury.

If you suspect that you have contracted Cat Scratch Disease, contact your doctor immediately. Cat Scratch Disease can be identified with a blood test. In some cases a piece of lymph node will be removed and examined for signs of the bacteria. Most cases of Cat Scratch Disease are mild and resolve without professional treatment. However, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics or, in cases of severe swelling, drain fluid from the lymph nodes with a a needle. If Cat Scratch Disease is confirmed, be sure to also contact your veterinarian and have your cat examined for fleas. Your cat may be treated with antibiotics as well.

Treatment at home should include rest, warm compresses on the lymph nodes, and an over-the-counter anti-inflammatory such as Ibuprofen or Naproxen.

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