by Angie Pollock

Created on: December 05, 2008   Last Updated: March 25, 2012

There are thousands of varieties of ferns available but very few are available commercially. This flowing, elegant plant was popular during the Victorian era but they were rarely ever utilized as houseplants. Fumes and smoke from burning coal is highly toxic to ferns which made them better suited for outdoor living.

Many home and garden centers will have different types of ferns available with the Boston Fern and Bird's Nest Fern being the most popular. The different varieties of fern will be similar in appearance with arching leaves known as "fronds". However, there are a few types of ferns that have leaves with a spear-like appearance. Whichever fern you decide upon, the care is basically the same for each type.

• Temperature T

The desirable temperature range for ferns is between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Many varieties will fare well in temperatures that drop to 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Ferns should be shaded when temperatures rise above 75 degrees Fahrenheit.

Having a moist environment will help ferns flourish. Some indoor ferns can be mist sprayed or even better, run a humidifier in areas that tend to be dry. There are some varieties of ferns that shouldn't be misted. The water can collect on the fronds causing rot. Living and family rooms tend to have drier air than that in bathrooms and kitchens.

• Light 

Contrary to popular belief, indoor ferns do not do their best when fully shaded. Indirect or filtered lighting, facing an east or north facing window works well for ferns. The natural habitat of ferns is typically forests and many times they are found growing around the bases of trees. Direct sun can cause the fronds to brown and wither.

• Water 

The soil in which a fern grows should stay moist at all times. However, overwatering will cause the fronds to turn yellow, lead to rotting and can possibly kill a fern. The key word is "moist", lightly watering the soil to keep the fern from drying out. The soil should not be compacted and should allow for easy draining.

• Fertilizer 

Most fern plants will thrive better when fed regularly. A water-soluble fertilizer can be used with caution. It is recommended to dilute house plant fertilizers at least one-half of the recommended amount on the package directions. Over fertilizing fern plants can damage the root system.

Yellowing of the fronds on ferns can be caused by several factors. Air that is too warm or ferns that are placed near radiators will cause the foliage to yellow or turn brown. During the growing season, ferns will require regular feeding and watering more than that of the non-growing season (winter).

Many ferns will grow well in an indoor environment such as the Rabbit's Foot, Boston Fern and Table Fern. Species such as the Delta Maidenhair will thrive better in a terrarium where humidity is a key factor for survival. Ferns can add color and liveliness to any home or office. With proper care, fern plants will flourish and will be a welcome addition to your decor.

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