by kieryn graham

Created on: November 16, 2008   Last Updated: August 28, 2010

The United States desperately needs 100,000 doctors to meet its immediate needs; and that number will double in the next ten years. The situation looks even grimmer for nurses: To meet its current needs, the US must recruit and train 400,000 new caregivers, and that number also will double in the next ten years. If, however, the traditional paths seem overwhelming, discouraging, and loaded with intellectual, emotional, and financial landmines, seven relatively new healthcare specialties offer great opportunities...

1. Surgical Technician. The "scrub" replaces the old-fashioned "scrub nurse," preparing patients for surgery and monitoring their condition throughout their operations; in the operating room, maintaining the sterile field, including keeping surgeons and nurses equipped with sterile drapes and equipment; at the operation's conclusion, assists patient all the way through the recovery area and back to his or her room, offering critical care as needed. Entry level positions require only two years instruction and training, and pay an average of $50,000 per year.

2. Physician's Assistant. The "PA" completes a program of study focused on clinical practice rather than scientific theory; generally masters all aspects of anatomy and physiology, especially biochemistry, becoming qualified to deliver all kinds of primary care; usually is authorized to write prescriptions. Typically requires five years of baccalaureate study plus licensing and certification; pays up to $75,000 per year.

3. Registered Dietitians. An "RD" usually works in an institutional setting, assuring purchase and preparation of properly nutritious meals for large numbers of people; the RD pays careful attention to "clients" with special needs; requires a Master's Degree, several thousand hours of supervised clinical practice, and completion of a demanding licensing examination. Pay varies dramatically according to situation and specialty.

4. Pharmacist. Aspiring pharmacists usually can begin their careers as technicians at their local pharmacies, matching their work experience with their "pre-pharm" college majors. They complete almost exactly the same undergraduate curriculum as people preparing to become physicians, and becoming a pharmacist requires two-years' study beyond college plus an examination for licensure. In institutional settings, pharmacists typically make $80,000 per year; in retail, they can make up to $105,000.

5. Occupational or Respiratory Therapist. "OT's" help patients

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