by Judy Evans

Created on: October 20, 2008   Last Updated: July 02, 2009

The German Shepherd Dog was originally a herding and farm dog. The name is a direct translation of the German Deutscher Schaferhund, the name given to the breed by Captain Max von Stephanitz (known as the 'father' of the breed). Due to anti-German sentiment at the end of World War I, the breed's name was officially changed by the UK Kennel Club to the 'Alsatian Wolf Dog', a name adopted by many international kennel clubs. Later 'Wolf Dog' was dropped and the name 'Alsatian' remained until 1977.

Today the German Shepherd's best qualities have been developed to produce a middle sized dog of courage, agility and intelligence while never becoming clumsy or heavy. He is powerful and rugged and his duties have expanded to include police force and military work where he may be involved in Search and Rescue, guard duties and drug and contraband detection. In addition they may work as guide dogs for the blind, as well as being devoted and protective companions and family dogs.

It is one of the most popular of breeds, respected and renowned throughout the world.

The breed is easily recognized and was established in Germany around 1899 by Captain Max von Stephanitz and others who sought to produce dogs with the working qualities that they required. The parent club of the breed was founded in the same year (1899).

The German Shepherd was first exhibited in the US in 1907. The American Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1908 where it is classified as one of the Herding Group. Its popularity increased sharply after World War I when the dogs performed heroically in Europe in all manner of positions including with the Red Cross, police and on guard duty. Around the same time, Rin Tin Tin and Strongheart were wowing audiences in the silent movie era.

The general impression should be of a strong, well-muscled and well-balanced animal. An air of nobility and fearlessness plus a certain aloofness gives the dog a courageous, self-confident manner. He may not make friends immediately but his devotion to his family or master is total. While making a great family dog, some are 'one man dogs' and may prefer one member of the family to others.

The German Shepherd is longer than he is tall, measuring from 22 to 26 at the shoulder. Weight typically varies from 75 95 pounds. The look is of a deep-bodied, substantial dog with a curved outline rather than an angular one.

He has a keen but calm expression with medium sized eyes of almond shape.

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