by Jane Brunton

Created on: July 11, 2008   Last Updated: July 16, 2008

A tiny crab-like insect known as Phthirus pubis is responsible for the condition known as genital crabs, pubic lice or pediculosis.

While the infestation commonly occurs in the pubic hair around the genitals, it can spread to armpit hair, eyebrows, eyelashes and beards. Lice found on the scalp are not pubic lice.

The grey or brownish red insect lays its oval white eggs, called nits, at the base of a hair. Suspicions of pubic lice can be confirmed by examining the area with a strong light and a magnifying glass. Adult lice may be found crawling about or hiding in the seams of clothing.

The adult form feeds on human blood. They burrow into the base of hair follicles and excrete an irritating substance while feeding. The resulting itchiness is worse at night and scratching may lead to secondary infection.

As with other sexually transmitted diseases (STD's)sexually active adolescents and those with multiple sexual partners are most at risk for contracting the condition. Infection in young children or teenagers may indicate sexual activity or abuse.

Less commonly, lice can be transmitted through contact with the mattresses, bedding, towels or clothing of an infected person. There have been reports of acquiring them while trying on bathing suits.

They cannot be spread by sitting on a toilet seat since the lice cannot live long away from warm human bodies. Animals do not suffer from or spread this condition.

If pubic lice have been diagnosed there are creams, lotions and shampoos such as Elimite of Kwell available at any pharmacy. Ask your pharmacist to explain the use of the products to you.

Sexual partners, family and friends should also be treated. Advise your physician or pharmacist if the treatment will be given to a pregnant or breast feeding female or an infant since they will require different treatment.

All bedding and clothing should be washed in hot water or dry cleaned. Carpets and mattresses should be vacuumed and bedding that cannot be washed should be stored for a week in tightly closed plastic bags.

Usually a single treatment is all that is needed to eliminate the pest.

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