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Pubic lice, scientifically known as Phthirus Pubis, affect the pubic area of affected persons; most commonly adolescents. While the lice appear to prefer the genital area, they also thrive on the eyelashes. Blepharitis (an eye infection) can occur in young lice-affected children. Their eyelashes should be examined with a high-powered magnifying glass for evidence of lice.

Transmission usually happens through sexual contact but can be picked up from contaminated objects such as toilet seats, sheets, blankets; and from trying on department store swimming suits. Wearing underwear during fitting usually prevents transfer via this means.

Self discovery is the predominant form of diagnosis. A patient should visit their regular medical doctor if unsure of infestation. Examination for other sexually transmitted diseases should be conducted at this time.

An examination of the external genital area will show adult lice measuring 1.2mm. Adult lice are readily identified under the microscope. Their crab-like appearance is the reason for them being commonly referred to as "the crabs". A magnifying glass will also make pubic lice easily visible. Usually small gray-white oval eggs (nits) close to the skin at the base of the pubic hairs can be observed in an affected person. Scratch marks and signs of impetigo (a skin infection) may be present.

Pubic lice are best treated with a prescription wash such as Elimite or Kwell. The instructions are to:

1. Thoroughly work the shampoo into dry pubic and surrounding area for at least 5 minutes.
2. Rinse well.
3. Apply vinegar to help loosen nits.
3. Comb the pubic hair with a fine-tooth comb to remove eggs (nits).

A single treatment is usually all that is needed. If, however, a second treatment is recommended, it should be done within four days to no longer than one week .

Over-the-counter medications for treatment of lice include Rid and Nix. Instructions for their application are similar.

An integral part of lice eradication is the washing of clothing and linen associated with the intimate contact affected individuals. Imperatively, all affected parties need to be treated at the same time. Any clothing and linen that cannot be washed may be sprayed with medicated spray or sealed (suffocated) in plastic bags and not used for ten to fourteen days.

Following recommended treatment (including environmental cleaning)will eradicate the lice.

References

Mandell GL, Bennet JE, Dolin R. Principles and Practices of Infectious Diseases. 5th Ed. London, UK Churchill Livingstone, Inc. 2000:2972-2973

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