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tubes and valve. Damage to rings can also allow blow by and that robs vital compression and power from the combustion stroke. Damage to the valves can cause serious problems and allow compressed gases to escape before the ignition process begins. Valve damage can also occur in the stem and seat causing inaccurate valve closure. Dirty oil and dirty air filters can add to the abrasive build up in oil and air as well. This will cause seals to leak and precision insert bearings, ball bearings, roller bearings, and needle bearings to wear at a much higher rate than normal. All these wear factors will affect your over all MPG. An engine that is out of tune will misfire and fuel will detonate giving a very poor burn. This will also rob the end performance of the engine. Gasoline additives can sometimes increase your Miles Per Gallon but their cost over rides your actual savings. In all actuality there is no real way to rob Peter to pay Paul. With most methods of increasing beyond the extent of tune ups and oil changes there is little you can do to increase the actual miles per gallon without adding to the cost of driving. Example: adding Methanol Alcohol does little to add to your mileage. Alcohol burns at 741 degrees Fahrenheit and gasoline burns at 1800 degrees. The expansion ratio is less than half that of gasoline. Hence it takes twice as much alcohol to equal the expansion ratio of gasoline. Most additives are mainly Methanol Alcohol with a few other chemicals added. The cost ratio in comparison to gasoline is Nil. If the additive costs $5.00 dollars to add to a full tank and the savings of gasoline is less than 2 gallons per full tank there is no savings. And in all actuality there is no additional mileage per gallon. In the automotive industry mass quantiies of vehicles are designed and built to suit the middle of the road as far as performance is concerned. Components such as Microchips and cams can make your engine perform to your precise needs. And if you drive enough they can be a valid method of increasing your specific mileage needs. Electrochemical methods such as using chemical agents with low amounts of voltage to produce Hydrogen from aluminum can have substantial affects on over all mileage. I have read about a couple of these and the theory is sound. I have 27 years as a main propulsion engineer and diesel mechanic. I have also graduated from Motor Cycle Mechanics Institute with an over all grade average of 95%. I have built dozens of engines ranging

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