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Seeing a beloved pet sick or injured is a distressing time, but how do you know when you really need to call a vet? Your vet will always be happy to help put your mind at ease of course, but taking your pet for a consultation will cost you. The occasional symptom such as going off their food, vomiting or diarrhea, coughing or a runny nose are not reasons to call your vet even though it may seem as though your pet is extremely poorly however, if any of these symptoms manifest themselves together then you should take them for a diagnosis. Think of it as though you were ill; would you go running to the doctor if you sneezed? Some of the most common changes in pets health and the possible reasons behind them are:

1. Appetite changes - on their own it could just be a sign of a fussy eater, but put it together with vomiting and the appearance of constipation and it could be the sign of an intestinal blockage.

2. Bleeding - animals fight, it's a fact. Cats will come in with bites and scratches most days, especially if they are territorial. It is not necessary to race down to your local surgery on every occasion, but if you have tried to stem the bleed and failed, or if the cut seems to be deep or infected then stitches and antibiotics may be necessary.

3. Vomiting and diarrhea - there is no way to diagnose an animal with these symptoms without actually seeing the animal. They could be caused by anything from simply eating something that disagreed with them to something more serious like poisoning. Obviously other symptoms are usually present in more serious cases. Vomiting and diarrhea, especially when seen together can cause dehydration. If an animal is seriously dehydrated it may be necessary to use an intravenous (IV) drip.

4. Changes in urination and defecation - again it may be nothing, possibly a urinary infection or not enough or even too much fiber. Look for other symptoms. Does your pet seem lethargic or have abnormally smelly breath? If so, take him to the vet.

5. Discharges from the nose, eyes, or ears - usually a sign of a cold or infection you should take your pet to see a veterinary surgeon in these cases.

6. Coughing - associated with respiratory tract infections such as kennel cough and bronchitis, it is generally a good idea to get a medical opinion if your pet has had a cough for a couple of days.

7. Signs of pain - restlessness, arching of the stomach and back, limping, these are symptoms of pain or discomfort and should be investigated as soon as they

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