by Shane Hampton

Created on: May 09, 2008   Last Updated: May 12, 2008

WHAT IS THE CHICKEN POX VIRUS?

Chicken pox, also known as varicella, is an extremely contagious infection caused by the varicella zoster virus in which itchy spots spread over the body. It is a virus that is generally considered a part of childhood, but it can also be contracted by adults. The virus spreads by traveling through the air and being inhaled, or by direct contact with the liquid from chicken pox blisters. After a person has chicken pox, they have lifetime immunity, but may develop shingles (see "What is Shingles?").

SYMPTOMS OF CHICKEN POX

Early chicken pox symptoms include mild fever and body aches. The rash and blistering is the most identifying feature of chicken pox. The fluid-filled blisters are red and transparent. These blisters will pop and a crust develops, often leaving scars. Scarring is more common when the scabs are scratched. Skin discoloration can sometimes continue after the virus goes away, but it fades eventually.

TREATING CHICKEN POX

In 1995, the chicken pox vaccine became available. Therefore, in many countries where varicella vaccine is mandatory, chicken pox has become uncommon among children. Most treatments focus on easing the pain and discomfort associated with the blisters and lesions. Oatmeal baths, various lotions, and antihistamines can reduce itchiness. While the person has the virus, scratching is discouraged. The antiviral drug Acyclovir can be prescribed to inhibit or slow the development of the virus.

WHAT IS SHINGLES?

The causes of shingles, or zoster, are the same as the causes of chicken pox. After a person has chicken pox, the varicella virus remains in the body. It can stay dormant, or it can produce shingles decades later. It is extremely painful and can last 3-5 weeks. Shingles chicken pox is more common among the elderly and usually considered an adult form of the childhood chicken pox virus.

SYMPTOMS OF SHINGLES

Shingles symptoms are similar to the symptoms of chicken pox, but often more severe. Extreme burning, itching, or stinging pain has been described by individuals infected with shingles. A localized rash appears on either the left or right side of the body, often on the torso. Like chicken pox, the shingles rash develops into liquid-filled blisters that pop and crust over.

TREATING SHINGLES

Like the treatments of chicken pox, most shingles treatments involve easing the pain and discomfort of the patient. Acyclovir is the most common antiviral medication used to treat shingles.

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