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Ecological economics as a modern improvement upon the prevailing neo-classical economics obviously never made it into the former Soviet Union's five year economic plans. The environmentally rapacious former Soviet Union was purely materialistic in its economic goals for the perfected Marxist society yet plunder its share of the planet with gross pollution and malevolent neglect. Poverty was a compelling reasons for the Marxist logic to spur economic development; Unfortunately contemporary globalism shares the same reasoning deficit vacuity toward ecological economics and ecological conservation generally in the pursuit of an abstract 'growth' oriented economic activity. The concept of what comprises growth is evidently challenging for some to existentially comprehend; bigger isn't inevitably better, and efficiency may be a virtue.
The former Soviet Union developed a nuclear weapons program and detonated its first bomb in 1949. The nuclear weapons race and nuclear plant development in the former Soviet Union were collateral programs to achieve parity with the west and to move ahead if possible with their rival political-economic system of Marxism-Stalinism. http://nuclearweaponarchive.or g/Russia/Sovwpnprog.html
The former Soviet Union built the first nuclear powered electrical generator in 1954 at Obninsk. http://www.world-nuclear.org/i nfo/inf54.html, and in 1964 built its first two nuclear power plants. The Chernobyl plant core meltdown of 1986 was a catalyst for the downfall of the former Soviet government as well as a point source of nuclear radiation.http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster
The communist worker organizational system is credited with being incompetent at plant maintenance of nuclear facilities for a number of reason, yet Russian scientists were quite competent at nuclear researches including that of fusion power such as the Tokamak. High technology disasters cannot be considered problems caused by poverty generally, but are aspects of a social hubris disregarding then environmental limits of capacity to absorb human waste including nuclear waste and radiation from 'accidents'.
http://www.geocities.com/rainf orest/3260/pfsu.html soviet pollution
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L ist_of_nuclear_reactors
http://www.insc.anl.gov/pwrmap s/map/world_map.php
Considering non-nuclear historical pollution etiology in the U.S.A. and elsewhere,
historically in the United States the association of cheap labor and working class
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