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Hysterosalpingoraphy (HSG, Uterosalpingography; Hysterogram; Uterotubography) a radiologic procedure examines the uterus (female reproductive organ) and fallopian tubes (Oviducts, uterine tubes or salpinges: Two very fine tubes leading from the ovaries of a female into the uterus). During the process, x-rays are taken of a woman's reproductive tract after a dye is injected. Upon examination, evaluating if the fallopian tubes are open, any abnormalities or defects in the uterus including any tears. The examination used to help diagnose infertility in women. Also, observe for any detectable tumors, and scar tissue.

When an egg is released from one of the ovaries, it travels through one of the fallopian tubes, which are narrow ducks that connect the ovaries to the uterus. Normally, the egg will join the sperm in the fallopian tubes during conception and the (now) fertilized egg will continue on to the uterus. A hysterosalpingography examines if the fallopian tubes are blocked or deformed, which may prevent the egg to descend or the sperm being blocked and preventing it from moving up to meet the egg. Approximately thirty percent of infertility cases are due to damaged or blocked fallopian tubes.

The evening before a hysterosalpingoraphy, laxative would be taken or sometimes an enema or suppositories would be administered the day of the test, which enables the doctor to examine the genital area without any fecal obstruction. Also, evening before the test, limiting the amount of food or fluids taken. The examination takes place in a hospital or office of a radiologist.
During the procedure or pelvic examination, woman would be lying on her back on a fluoroscopy table. Her feet are likely to be raised into stirrups, and her knees are adjusted closer to her chest (This is called the lithotomy position.). X-ray equipment is placed above her abdomen. A speculum (medical tube used to examine body cavities) is inserted into the vagina or vulva (female organ connecting the uterus and cervix to the outside of the body). A catheter containing a small balloon is inflated to hold it in place. Then a liquid water-based or oil based dye ("contrast dye") is then injected through the catheter into the uterus. During this process, may cause some discomfort, cramping or uterine spams. Sometimes pain medication, such Ibuprofen (Unless the woman is allergic to this medication) is taken two hours before the procedure, especially for women that experience severe cramps

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