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Do fantasy creatures really exist?

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Yes
45% 475 votes Total: 1044 votes
No
55% 569 votes

Yes

by Bryan Belrad

Created on: January 12, 2009

As we grow up, most of us stop believing in the strange and wonderful creatures of our bed-time stories. Like Santa and the Easter Bunny, our passions for fairies, dragons, unicorns, and sea serpents fade as we acquire more and more cognitive ability.

But maybe our disbelief is misplaced; as "grown-ups", we all know that both Santa and the Bunny who once frequented Spring festivals in the European countryside both were real things, once upon a time. It is said that all legends grow from a grain of truth. Do we pass judgment too hastily on the other miraculous critters of mystery?

Historically, faeries (or fairies, if you prefer) are cut from the same cloth as the more-oft believed-in corporeal spirits, angels and demons. Their tale pre-dates every modern religion, yet at least one of these groups of supernatural beings seems to be an integral part of almost every faith.

According to Christian legend, when Lucifer led his rebellion against God, the angels took sides. Those that remained loyal to God remain with Him in Heaven; those that followed the Morning Star were cast down, and became demons. But, there was also a third group of immortals, one that did not take a side. These few, who remained neutral, were punished for failing to support their creator, but not so severely as those who raised their hands against Him. Instead of being cast into the fire, they were exiled to Earth, and they are called the Fey - Faeries.

Most other legends of the fair folk run along the same lines: angels are good spirits, demons are evil, and the Fey are somewhere in between. Remember, Christianity does not have an exclusive on believing in heavenly winged supernatural beings; angels have captivated the faithful all across the world long before Abraham ever dreamed of moving out of his ancestral homeland to serve his Lord.

Faeries are among the oldest of mythical beings, yet more people believe in them today than in the possibility of space aliens (whether or not said aliens have visited Earth). Part of the reason for that faith may be due to a handful of actual fairy photos that were taken around the turn of the 20th Century.

As a young girl, Elise Wright was given one of the earliest 'point and shoot' cameras, and she put it to good use. She and her sister returned to their father five photographs that, when developed, showed the girls cavorting with none other than the fey folk!

The photos were of such high quality that scientists and photographic experts in the Wrights' homeland of England and around the world verified their authenticity again and again. Even Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the man behind the greatest rational mind of all time, Sherlock Holmes, vouched for them. In fact, no one was ever able to discredit the photos for a certainty until 1982, when Elise herself fessed up to how they were made.

To today's discerning viewer, with eyes capable of picking out ultra-realistic CGI from the most modern movies, the photos seem obvious fakes. Yet, such a long-standing item of wonder as a real photo of a fairy holds some of the old magic still; and people believe. Perhaps their faith is not unfounded.

But unlike old fabricated photos, the evidence for some mythical creatures is a bit more concrete.

We've all heard the news reports in recent years of real Krakens being found in the Asian Pacific. Essentially giant squids, Krakens are the age-old terrors of the deep, the only creature more feared than the sea-serpents of the days of the first explorers. As recent movies have depicted, a Kraken is capable of smashing vessels, snaring crew, and even pulling a full-size warship down to the depths.

While it remains uncertain whether the real giant squids have ever decided to snack on human passersby, the creatures are, in fact, real. Japanese scientists have verified a corpse found adrift in the ocean as a humongous, but real, squid. More recently, submarine explorers have captured video of living squids, grown to gigantic size.

And, speaking of giants, they're real too. For over a hundred years, carnival side shows have claimed to have "the tallest man in the world", but, at one point, marketing marvel P.T. Barnum really did. As cataloged in Ripley's Museum in Atlantic City (and elsewhere), a number of humans have lived who literally towered over us 'common folk', and the Guinness Book of World Records chronicles to this day the tallest living people on Earth.

Tall people might be easier for us to believe in than 'little folk', but even more fantastic creatures remain to be seen. Of all the myriad monsters in ancient mythology, there is no beast that captures our collective sense of wonder so much as the Unicorn. And, as you might guess, this creature is also more than mere myth. In fact, this one is more than misinterpreted bones or gigantic variants of known species - this curious creature is actually real, as-is.

In June, 2008, the front page of nearly every newspaper in the United States featured a photograph of the fantastic beast found in Italy. Long presumed to be a relative of the horse, it turns out that real unicorns are more closely related to the common deer.

Described in legend as a cloven-hoofed steed with a single horn in the center of its brow, the deer unicorn is a perfect match. Historically, unicorns were not white; the monochromatic element wasn't added to the story until the "steed" part because synonymous with "horse", and the spiritual aspect of legend sanctified the presumed coloration (because there are white horses).

In olden times, however, humans were much shorter and lighter than they are today. In the days of old, long before the age of the great empires, people actually did ride deer. And, it may well have come to pass, that some domesticated and trained deer were ridden into battle, just as horses were prior to the advent of mechanized warfare. Should one of those steeds happened to have had the same kind of miraculous malformity seen in newspapers, then the superstitious folk of the age would very likely have taken the genetic anomaly for an omen - and so a legend was born.

Even the Chimera, a monstrous mix of various animals, has been found in the modern age. The television show "20/20" recently did a feature piece about human chimeras, people who have tissues with different DNA in their cells.

One story was about a woman who lost custody of her kids because she failed a DNA test: while in the womb, she had absorbed her half-sister, and, as a result, her ovaries carried a different genetic code than the cells in her mouth. It was those other genes that were passed on to her own children.

Other people depicted in the broadcast showed more obvious signs of their chimeric nature, including multiple racial skin colorations, with clear lines of division between them. Others even displayed the sex characteristics of both genders.

Humans aren't the only known chimeras either. There are all manner of creatures that seem to be the combination of other creatures, such as the flying fish, or even the penguin. And there is the duck-billed platypus, which looks like the aftermath of a transmuted person from an ancient Greek fable who really annoyed the gods.

Recent evidence continues to emerge of other strange and mysterious creatures. From the return of the "extinct" celicant, to the puzzling pictures of a supposed "chupakabra", there seems no end to the possible reality behind the creatures of legend. Fossils have been uncovered of Zaratan, giant sea turtles so big that sailors confused them with small islands. If these oddities, which supposedly lived for millennia, are rare enough, they may still live today. Ever hear of those "drifting" islands in the Bermuda Triangle?

Leprechauns, giants, fairies, dragons, unicorns, leviathans, and even the Aztec winged snakes all have some form of possible analog that exists, or once did exist, in the real world. And no one can deny that dwarfs are real.

So, before you break the sad news to your children that the curious creatures of fable and fantasy are nothing more than fiction, think long and hard about what you've learned here. If so many of these monsters may once have lived, and some of them really do carry on to this day, then one must seriously wonder about the other possibilities.

Most of all, you might want to have faith for your own safety. If you don't, then the Paradoxadon (a monster that only exists for people who don't believe in it) might get you.

Learn more about this author, Bryan Belrad.
Click here to send this author comments or questions.

No

by Paul Chalmers

Created on: January 12, 2009

This is an epistemological issue, and its crux is the idea that we make judgments about whether to believe based not only on the merits of the isolated case, but on that belief's coherence with other beliefs, which we already hold and want to continue holding. In a sense it is the idea that the merits of believing in a case cannot be isolated; they are composed of the truth of the case in point's relationship with other things believed to be true.

So why do I say this has a bearing on the existence of fantasy creatures? Because if we were to believe in a fantasy creature we would either have to discard many other beliefs, which would be epistemologically unwise, or incorporate our understanding of the nature of that creature into our prevailing and 'naturalistic' world view. So, we might be held to explain the unicorn's place in evolutionary history, for example. The distinction between 'fantasy creature' and 'rare creature' would thereby collapse; it is up to you whether you think it can survive this collapse, but it seems that to do so it would need to become a lot more mundane, and not really carry the same sense.

A similar logic applies to belief in miracles; in taking their occurrence to be physically true, we must either say that they are an aberration from physical law, in which case the logic is to disregard them as a mistake as with any strange data, or that they are explained by a yet undiscovered physical law. The latter option would render them mundane (and not miracles, perhaps). The similarity between miracles and fantasy creatures seems to be that they both require a 'specialness' that separates them from the normal scientific world, yet to properly believe in them we need to incorporate them into this scientific world.

An interesting manifestation of this need is in modern children's fantasy books. Cases in point; Harry Potter, Northern Lights (et al). Both of these seem to use pseudo-scientific explanations to weave the magical sub world of the main characters into the real world which surrounds them, and of course which the reader is a part of. Examples might be the universal of 'dust' or the making of the Amber Spyglass in the Dark Materials trilogy, the endangered status of griffons in Harry Potter, or the methodological way in which magic is practiced; importantly with actions and objects not available to the reader in his life for comparative experimentation. The fact that these explanations are not truly scientific is not a problem; the truly believing reader does not have the background knowledge to perceive the incongruity. Both make use not only of explanations of how their magic fits into our world (with pseudo science) but also of separation to explain difference.

So Harry Potter manages to convince us of how it is that we have never seen magic; firstly we are incapable by birth, and secondly magic is more or less forbidden in anywhere can actually locate. Northern Lights manages to do it by actually having very little magic in the world we are located in; that mainly goes on in one of the parallel worlds. The strange differences, which would be magical and hard to understand as a part of our world, are presented as part of the 'science' that applies to the whole of one of the parallel worlds. So everyone in Lyra's world has a daemon. This works with the current consensus that different, although necessarily self-coherent, scientific laws could rule a different universe. We see sense in this, because it is a separate system. So our consensus on normality here does not threaten belief in magical occurrences elsewhere, and the occurrences elsewhere do not force us into confusion over our own, quite different experience.

So, do fantasy creatures exist? The answer is a rather difficult 'not here'. They do not exist in our system; they cannot, because belief in such creatures would either be illogical, or render them mundane. You have to consider for yourself whether a phoenix that is an evolutionary branch from the pigeon would really count as a fantasy creature. The 'not here' clause, exemplified by the success of young adult fantasy novels to convince us of magical reality interacting with normal reality, is interesting. But we have to consider that this relies on the creation of a different system in which the magic is possible, one which we can have no evidence of. If we have evidence of it, it is thereby a part of our system; it falls under our epistemological rules.

The plausibility of both Harry Potter and Dark Materials started to fall apart towards the end, because the plot required channels between the systems; they were the magical and the normal were in fact weakly presented as the same system. In Harry Potter, the threat from Voldemort affected normal people towards the end; which we should have seen, but didn't, and in Dark Materials, the threat from to all
universes was supposed to mean our scientists would be starting to research 'Dust'. The plausibility remains only as a threat about the future, because the future is out of our grasp. So it is interesting to note that while many readers of HP might have been imagining the exploits going on currently, when the mentions of evil interaction (explained as 'terrorist incidents') with the normal world started to creep in, they would be likely to mentally move the location of the story into the future. We can obviously explain why we have not perceived things that happened in the future. It is either this or rely on genuine lack of knowledge again, which is actually quite plausible considering the average 9 year-old's nebulous understanding of world affairs (terrorists are evil wizards). But not the average 14 year-old's. This makes what seems like a mundane point, but is actually quite profound. We do not actually believe these fantasies, or do not forever. Often actual belief is a very good indicator of what is rational to believe. But this article was not just about rationality, it was about the necessary inextricability of belief and mundanity, about the fact that fantasy creatures cannot exist because existence is the antithesis of the fantastical.

Learn more about this author, Paul Chalmers.
Click here to send this author comments or questions.


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